Among youth aged 15 to 29, the unemployed constituted 6.3% of all potential labour market participants in this age group.

Among EU countries, the lowest youth unemployment rate was recorded in the Czech Republic (2.4%), followed by Bulgaria (3.2%) and Germany (3.3%). The highest rates were observed in Sweden (10.9%), Spain (10.8%), and Greece (9.8%).

Long-term unemployed made up 2.1% of the total labour force in the EU last year, marking the lowest level of long-term unemployment in the Union since these statistics were first recorded in 2009.

Among EU countries, Greece had the highest proportion of long-term unemployed in 2023 (6.2%), followed by Spain (4.3%) and Italy (4.2%).

The lowest shares of long-term unemployed were observed in Denmark and the Netherlands (0.5%), followed by the Czech Republic, Malta, and Poland (0.8%).